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Rounding meets approximate model counting

Rounding meets approximate model counting
Jiong Yang, and Kuldeep S. Meel.
Formal Methods in System Design, 67(2):189–221, 2025.

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Abstract

The problem of model counting, also known as $$#\textsfSAT$$ # SAT , is to compute the number of models or satisfying assignments of a given Boolean formula F . Model counting is a fundamental problem in computer science with a wide range of applications. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using hashing-based techniques for approximate model counting that provide $$(\varepsilon , \delta )$$ ( epsilon , delta ) -guarantees: i.e., the count returned is within a $$(1+\varepsilon )$$ ( 1 + epsilon ) -factor of the exact count with confidence at least $$1-\delta$$ 1 - delta . While hashing-based techniques attain reasonable scalability for large enough values of $$\delta$$ delta , their scalability is severely impacted for smaller values of $$\delta$$ delta , thereby preventing their adoption in application domains that require estimates with high confidence. The primary contribution of this paper is to address the Achilles heel of hashing-based techniques: we propose a novel approach based on rounding that allows us to achieve a significant reduction in runtime for smaller values of $$\delta$$ delta . The resulting counter, called $$\textsfApproxMC6$$ ApproxMC 6 , achieves a substantial runtime performance improvement over the current state-of-the-art counter, $$\textsfApproxMC$$ ApproxMC . In particular, our extensive evaluation over a benchmark suite consisting of 1890 instances shows $$\textsfApproxMC6$$ ApproxMC 6 solves 204 more instances than $$\textsfApproxMC$$ ApproxMC , and achieves a $$4\times$$ 4 x speedup over $$\textsfApproxMC$$ ApproxMC .

BibTeX

@article{YM25a,
  title={Rounding meets approximate model counting},
  author={Yang, Jiong and Meel, Kuldeep S.},
  journal={Formal Methods in System Design},
  volume={67},
  number={2},
  pages={189--221},
  year={2025},
  bib2html_rescat={Counting},
  bib2html_pubtype={Journal},
  bib2html_dl_pdf={https://doi.org/10.1007/s10703-025-00481-6},
  abstract={
    The problem of model counting, also known as $$\#\textsf{SAT}$$ # SAT , is
    to compute the number of models or satisfying assignments of a given Boolean
    formula F . Model counting is a fundamental problem in computer science with
    a wide range of applications. In recent years, there has been a growing
    interest in using hashing-based techniques for approximate model counting
    that provide $$(\varepsilon , \delta )$$ ( epsilon , delta ) -guarantees:
    i.e., the
    count returned is within a $$(1+\varepsilon )$$ ( 1 + epsilon ) -factor of
    the
    exact count with confidence at least $$1-\delta$$ 1 - delta . While
    hashing-based techniques attain reasonable scalability for large enough
    values of $$\delta$$ delta , their scalability is severely impacted for
    smaller
    values of $$\delta$$ delta , thereby preventing their adoption in
    application
    domains that require estimates with high confidence. The primary
    contribution of this paper is to address the Achilles heel of hashing-based
    techniques: we propose a novel approach based on rounding that allows us to
    achieve a significant reduction in runtime for smaller values of $$\delta$$
    delta . The resulting counter, called $$\textsf{ApproxMC6}$$ ApproxMC 6 ,
    achieves a substantial runtime performance improvement over the current
    state-of-the-art counter, $$\textsf{ApproxMC}$$ ApproxMC . In particular,
    our extensive evaluation over a benchmark suite consisting of 1890 instances
    shows $$\textsf{ApproxMC6}$$ ApproxMC 6 solves 204 more instances than
    $$\textsf{ApproxMC}$$ ApproxMC , and achieves a $$4\times$$ 4 x speedup over
    $$\textsf{ApproxMC}$$ ApproxMC .
  },
}

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