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The vocal tract
has about four resonant frequencies
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which are called
formants.
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We
can vary the frequencies of the four formants.
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How do we hear
the formants?
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The
larynx makes clicks. We hear the dying
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resonances
of each click.
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The
click rate is the pitch of the voice. It is
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independent
of the formants. The relative energies in
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each
harmonic of the pitch define the envelope of a
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formant.
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Each vowel
corresponds to a different region in the plane
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defined by the
first two formants, F1 and F2. Diphthongs
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are different.
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